chem-zone

China's 2nd largest oil field produces 27 mln tons crude oil

Mon, 14 Jan 2008 21:56:54 -0700

BEIJING, Jan. 14 (Xinhua) -- Crude oil output at China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec)'s Shengli oil field in 2007 stood at 27.708 million tons, surpassing its annual target, said Sinopec on its website Monday.
Shengli, located in eastern Shandong Province, is the country's second largest oil field after the northeastern Daqing oil field.

Statistics from Sinopec revealed that the oil field's output in 2007 was 120,800 tons above the plan, accounting for two-thirds of the total crude oil production of Sinopec, the country's largest oil refiner.

During the past 40 years, its aggregate output of crude oil reached 880 million tons.

Cumulative production of natural gas topped 39.816 billion cubic meters by the end of 2006.

The company said it was using enhanced recovery techniques at Shengli to improve production.

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2008-1-15 12:28

Export markets boon for US soda ash

Mon, 14 Jan 2008 21:55:56 -0700

HOUSTON (ICIS news)--High foreign demand will help US soda ash producers thrive this year despite a slowing domestic economy, industry insiders and analysts predict.
Despite a soft domestic market, producers are commanding prices of $145-185/short ton (?8.60-125.80/short ton), or an average of 10% higher than last year, according to global chemical market intelligence service ICIS pricing.

The price increase is driven by a tight global supply, said Bob Goldberg, an analyst with Scopus Asset Management. "Without the foreign market, the domestic market would be in a little bit of trouble."

Since 2001, the four major US producers - FMC Wyoming, Solvay Soda Ash, OCI Wyoming and General Chemical - have seen the domestic housing market go from boom to bust and the automotive industry stagnate, so that their two biggest domestic markets for glass could not be counted on for new demand.

Domestic consumption of soda ash dropped 5% between 2001 and 2006, the last year for which the US Geological Survey (USGS) has information available.

But during the same period, US soda ash exports rose 17%, according to USGS data.

Construction booms and growing automotive demand in China and India were cited by industry sources as reasons for robust foreign demand.

The falling value of the US dollar has also fuelled soda ash exports, according to industry observers.

"The international market has been extremely robust - that's the good news," an industry source said. "There are international opportunities that we haven�t been able to take full advantage of because of our tight supply."

FMC's year-on-year soda ash revenue rose 10% to $269.9m in the third quarter of 2007, with the boost driven by higher volumes and selling prices for soda ash.

US soda ash producers said last year they expected about half of their combined 11m short tons of yearly production would go overseas.

"Producers have been disciplined, more than they have been historically, and haven"t added capacity," Goldberg said. "Now they're being rewarded with higher prices."

"The one thing that would kill this would be a greenfield expansion," he added.

However, new production facilities in the US seem unlikely in the near future.

Suppliers have only added incremental capacity since 2001, USGS data shows, and none of the four companies have announced plans for new construction projects.

FMC Wyoming has nearly 1m short ton capacity idled, but has not said if and when it will bring it online - no matter how much some Asian buyers want it to.

Soda ash has no synthetic counterpart, and US producers sit on what is by far the world's largest pile of trona, the mined material that eventually becomes soda ash. The USGS estimates that 47bn short tons of identified soda ash resources could be recovered from the Green River basin in Wyoming.

Botswana is the nation with the next highest soda ash reserve at 4m short tons, according to the USGS. In 2006, the country produced 280,000 short tons of soda ash.

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potassium superoxide

Mon, 03 Sep 2007 18:07:49 -0700

Potassium superoxide

Potassium dioxide

Formula KO2

Structure
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Description A yellowish to white solid.

Registry Numbers and Inventories.

CAS 12030-88-5

EC (EINECS/ELINCS) 234-746-5

EC Class oxidizing, corrosive

EC Risk Phrase R 8 35

EC Safety Phrase S 17 26 36/37/39 45

RTECS TT6053000

RTECS class Mutagen

UN (DOT) 2466

Beilstein/Gmelin 10084 (G)

Canada DSL/NDSL NDSL

US TSCA Listed

Japan ENCS (MITI) Listed

Korea ECL Listed

Properties.

Formula KO2

Formula mass 71.10

Melting point, �C 560

Density 2.14 g/cm3

Solubility in water Rigorous decomposition

Hazards and Protection.

Storage Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Handling Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.

Protection Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles.

Respirators Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Small spills/leaks Sweep up or absorb material, then place into a suitable clean, dry, closed container for disposal. Use water spray to disperse the gas/vapor.

Disposal code 22

Stability Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Incompatibilities Oxidizing agents, carbon, 2-aminophenol tetrahydrofuran, acids, alcohols and glycols (e.g. butyl alcohol, ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol), aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde, acrolein, chloral hydrate, formaldehyde), amides (e.g. butyramide, diethyltoluamide, dimethyl formamide), amines (aliphatic and aromatic, e.g. dimethyl amine, propylamine, pyridine, triethylamine), azo, diazo, and hydrazines (e.g. dimethyl hydrazine, hydrazine, methyl hydrazine), carbamates (e.g. carbanolate, carbofuran), cyanides (e.g. potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide), dithiocarbamates (e.g. ferbam, maneb, metham, thiram), esters (e.g. butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl formate), ethers (e.g. dioxane, furfuran, tetrahydrofuran (THF)), hydrocarbons (aromatic, e.g. benzene, chrysene

Decomposition Irritating and toxic fumes and gases.

Fire.

Fire fighting Use dry chemical, graphite, or dry earth. Use water only if flooding quantities are available. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

Fire potential May explode from friction, heat or contamination. These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire.

Hazards May explode from friction, heat or contamination. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

Combustion products Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.

NFPA Health 3

Flammability 0

Reactivity 3

Special O
Health.

Exposure effects

Ingestion May cause severe gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting and possible burns.

Inhalation May cause severe respiratory tract irritation and possible burns.

Skin May cause severe skin irritation and burns.

Eyes Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns.

First aid

Ingestion Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.

Inhalation Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Skin Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.

Eyes Immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

Transport.

UN number 2466
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Response guide 143

Hazard class 5.1

Packing Group I

HS Code 2825 90 80

Std. Transport # 4918536

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Fri, 24 Aug 2007 08:12:38 -0700

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